Riyadh, The Capital of Saudi Arabia

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

The only name I know when I still in the Philippines was the Saudi Arabia as a country, its cities and/or municipalities were never in my mind.  I never thought that someday I will be here in Riyadh.

To be able to be acquainted of Riyadh, here is my research from Wikipedia:

Riyadh in arabic ar-Riyāḍ which means "The Gardens" is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia. It is also the capital of Riyadh Province, and belongs to the historical regions of Najd and Al-Yamama. It is situated in the center of the Arabian Peninsula on a large plateau (Yes. I have seen the area for myself but on a limited coverage only, however I can imagine seeing a very large desert where at the center of it is the where the city lies, where people live, where you can see buildings and wide, asphalted roads). According to Wikipedia, it is home to 5,254,560 people, and the urban center of a region with a population of close to 7 million people. As to what I have known the Filipinos here in Saudi is about 500,000.

The city is divided into 15 municipal districts. R
iyadh has the largest all female university in the world, the Princess Nora bint Abdulrahman University.  It has been designated as a Beta World City. It so happen that I have seen this University while we are coming from King Khalid Airport and on our way to Al Malaz since we should be going to old airport and I told the driver airport only and he has mistaken me as saying airport which he assumed the King Khalid Airport when in fact it was old airport in Al Malaz I was referring to. It was a blessing in disguise for me since I just saw the famous Princess Nora University.

A must see building here in Riyadh aside from Princess Nora is the Kingdom Tower. These and other must-sees will be featured in this blog later.

Roxas City Briefs

Roxas City

Roxas City. The capital city of the Province of Capiz, Island of Panay. Roxas City is the Seafood Capital of the Philippines since it is very rich in different varieties of seafoods, namely, shells: angel wings (diwal), oyster (talaba), tahong, capiz shells, litub, kagaykay, among others; shrimps and prawns; fishes like bangus, bisogo, lapu-lapu, kikilo; and many more.

Come to Roxas City for you to taste its sumptuous seafoods and experience its hospitability and tranquility. It is located at the Northeastern tip of Panay Island, 136 kilometer from Kalibo, Aklan and only 3 hours travel from Iloilo City via Bus or L300 Van. The city's most famous son is Manuel Roxas - the First President of the Philippines after the commonwealth period. Its name is in honor of him when then Pres. Elpidio Quirino signed into law the Republic Act No. 603.

Roxas City's economy is agri-based. Farming and fishing are the major activities. It is the center of trade and commerce of the province of Capiz as well as of the northern part of Panay. Various activities are being held to showcase its charm and demonstrate a true Capizeno. The celebrations are the Civic Parade, the Grand Dancing Parade, Prosisyon sa Suba, Live Band concerts, Fireworks display, Masses, Seafood Festival, Sports Competition, Products exhibits and many more.

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Some kinds of Fishes

Fishes

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Fishes are vertebrates that live on most aquatic environments. They are covered with scales and they have fins. Most of them are cold blooded. There are more than a thousand fish species – each is wonderful in their own way. Some are colorful, others are plain. Some are usual and some are odd-looking.

They are an important food source for humans. Some species are caught by people and raise them on ponds. While those ornate and colorful species are bought by enthusiasts and placed on aquaria.

Fishes have been an important part of human culture. Early people believed they were deities or gods. Furthermore, they were also subject for various literary compositions and art.

On this site, we feature here some of fishes that is rare and beautiful for their unique characteristics and traits.

Parrot Fish

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The ocean is filled with many creatures - from usual to bizarre, plain to colorful, safe to venomous. Perhaps one of the most remarkable is the parrot fish. Unlike other marine animals who are only known for one or two features, the parrot fish is famed for its appearance, adaptation, unique abilities and other characteristics. One of the most surprising of a parrot fish is its ability to change its gender during its lifetime. In general, parrot fishes are sequential hermaphrodites. Initially, they are females and as they go through the terminal phase, they become male. There are also many species in which a male parrot fish is developed directly. There are also species whose females do not change into males during the terminal phase. They are called gonochorist.

Finally, there are some species who do not change their gender at all. Parrot fishes also undergo a series of change in their color called polychromatism. They usually have dull red or brown color during the initial phase which changes into vivid blue or green during the final stage. Also, juveniles have different color patterns than that of adults even though they belong to the same species. These omnivores main food is algae. They use their parrot-like beak to tear chunks of corals. Then, they would crush these corals using their teeth. After digesting their food, they would excrete the undigested corals which become sand. Parrot fishes are also known for their "pajama". At night, there are certain species which covers themselves with a transparent cocoon made from mucus. This mucus is released by an organ at the head of the fish. Scientists claim that by using their "pajama", their scent cannot be easily smelled by their predators.

Angler Fish

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It is indeed ironic how a fish is named after an angler, a person who fishes with a fishing rod as a hobby. An angler fish is named so because of its recognizable dorsal spine which sticks out above its mouth - like a fishing pole! They also have a shiny, glow-in-the-dark flesh at the tip of their dorsal spine. This serves as a lure for their prey. Angler fishes have big mouths and pliant bodies. They also have sharp, translucent teeth inside their crescent-shaped mouths. Because of these physical characteristics, they can swallow a prey which is two times bigger than them. They live on the lonely, dark bottom of the Antarctic and Atlantic oceans. But there are some which live on shallow, tropical waters.

Sea horse

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The equine characteristic of sea horses makes them one of the most unique sea creatures. Aside from having a horse-like head, they also have an unusual upright position. Another unique feature that they have is the coronet on their head. Just like a human's fingerprint, the sea horses' coronet is distinct in each individual. Sea horses are not horses though, they are, in fact, fishes. Also, they are poor swimmers, propelled by their dorsal fin. Their eyes can move independently of each other. They have a long snout which they use to suck up water and food. Most of the time, they are found resting, their tails wounding around an immobile object.

Sea horses live in sheltered areas like sea grass beds, coral reefs, and mangroves. They are mostly found in warm, tropical and shallow waters. They have incredible camouflage and because of that, they can feed on preys within a short distance. They turn murky brown to adapt to their habitat or bright colors in unusual surroundings or social situations. They feed on planktonic crustaceans, small shrimps and tiny fishes.

Guitar Fish

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When one reads about a guitar fish without seeing it, one would immediately conclude that it's shape is like that of a guitar. Looking at photographs of it, people would see that guitar fishes are distant cousins of rays. Their bodies are like the form of the aforementioned fishes and that of sharks. Their tails are shaped like that of rays while most of them have a flattened and triangular or shovel-shaped head. They have small and numerous teeth arranged in 60 to 70 rows.

Often traveling in large schools, guitar fishes are bottom feeders. They swim on ocean floors, feeding on crustaceans and small fishes. They are often found in tropical and shallow waters.

Guitar fishes are ovoviviparous. Ovoviviparity is a kind of reproduction wherein the eggs are retained inside the mother's body and their youngs hatch when the eggs leave.

Kinds of Coffee

Anything about Coffee

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Coffee is being widely consumed and the most prestigious beverage. Is is a brewed drink prepared from roasted seeds commonly called coffee beans of the coffee plant. The seeds or coffee beans are also called coffee cherries. Coffee as beverage is second rank from water. Morning, noon, afternon and evening; any time of the day drinking coffee is really a craving. It is because of its caffeine content, which has stimulating effect to the human body. In the Philippines we call coffee as "Kapeng Barako" and "Kapeng Tagalog", which means the varieties of coffee. Nowadays, coffee beverages are evolving from traditional brewed coffee. There are iced coffee mixes to choose from like cappuccino, mocha, etc. Coffee with its richness and aroma energizes coffee lovers around the world.

Coffee is also healthful since according to studies it may lower the risk of colon cancer, gallstones, cirrhosis of the liver, Parkinson's disease and asthma. According also to studies, coffee contains four times the amount of cancer-fighting anti-oxidants compared from green tea. Coffee is produced from the seeds of a small red (sometimes yellow) fruit that grows on plants halfway in size between shrub and tree. The process that turns the seeds to brewed coffee is very complex compared to other beverages. Starting with the coffee grower, to the picker, then to the mill. Workers remove the fruit and dry the beans, roast them, to finally grind the beans and prepare the beverage.

Coffee plant is described as any of various tropical African shrubs or trees of the genus Coffea, especially C. arabica, widely cultivated in the tropics for their seeds that are dried, roasted, and ground to prepare a stimulating aromatic drink. The coffee plant has lush, shiny green leaves attached to long thin branches. When the plant is in season, small white flowers are seen coming from the base of the leaves. After pollination, the flowers are replaced by a ruby-like fruit, the coffee bean. Each of the fruits, usually referred to as coffee cherries, contains two seeds (or beans). When only one bean is produced, this is known as a "pea berry". The cherries are bright red and reach the size of a grape, then harvesting takes place.

In the Philippines, the known varieties of coffee are: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

An information about Arabica Coffee

http://www.eazydee1.webatu.com/coffee/arabica.html

The scientific name of Arabica Coffee is Coffea arabica; a species of coffea home-grown from Yemen in the Arabian Peninsula, hence the name Arabica. Also, from the southwestern highlands of Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan. It is also known as the "coffee shrub of Arabia", "mountain coffee" or "arabica coffee". In the Philippines, it is popularly known as the "Kapeng Tagalog".

Coffee is also healthful since according to studies it may lower the risk of colon cancer, gallstones, cirrhosis of the liver, Parkinson's disease and asthma. According also to studies, coffee contains four times the amount of cancer-fighting anti-oxidants compared from green tea. Coffee is produced from the seeds of a small red (sometimes yellow) fruit that grows on plants halfway in size between shrub and tree. The process that turns the seeds to brewed coffee is very complex compared to other beverages. Starting with the coffee grower, to the picker, then to the mill. Workers remove the fruit and dry the beans, roast them, to finally grind the beans and prepare the beverage.

Arabica is considered to be the best coffee because of its excellent flavor and aroma. This variety is an early bearer, it bears fruits two to three years from planting. Arabian Coffees accounts for about 80% of all coffee produced in the world. It prefers higher elevations and drier climates than its cousin C. robusta. The tropics of South America provide ideal conditions for growing Arabica Coffee which grows best between 3,000 and 6,500 feet but has been grown as high as 9,000 feet. The higher the plant is grown the slower it matures. This gives it time to develop the internal elements and oils that give coffee its aromatic flavor. Within the C. Arabica species there are three main varieties; Typica, Bourbon and Caturra. The sub-species have been bred to adapt to a specific growing region to be resistant to certain afflictions such as fungus, parasites, insects etc. that differ from region to region.

An information about Robusta Coffee

http://www.eazydee1.webatu.com/coffee/robusta.html

The scientific name of Robusta Coffee is Coffea canephora or Coffea robusta; a species of coffee home-grown from central and western subsaharan Africa. It is well known as Conillon in Africa and Brazil in which Robusta Coffee is abundantly grown. It is also grown in Southeast Asia where French colonists introduced it in late 19th century. Only Vietnam produces Robusta Coffee and has surpassed Brazil, India, and Indonesia to become the world's single largest exporter. By rough estimate, one third of the Robusta Coffee is produced around the world.

Canephora is easier to care for than the other major species of coffee, Coffea arabica, and, because of this, is cheaper to produce. Since arabica beans are often considered superior, robusta is usually limited to lower grade coffee blends as a filler. It is however often included in instant coffee, and in espresso blends to promote the formation of "crema". Robusta has about twice as much caffeine as arabica.

Robusta is one of two coffee species that are grown commercially. Robusta beans produce a more bitter brew, with a musty flavor and less body. It has lower quality and cheaper blends. But, it is important to note that robusta is not inferior to arabica--it is different. Grade is what determines inferiority and superiority in coffee beans, and there are all grades of both species of coffee. Demand due to consumer taste preference is what determines the market share of arabica vs. robusta coffee. The farmers plant Robusta Coffee for economic reasons. This variety is high yielding and more resistant to pests and diseases. According to Philippine agriculturists, it yields 1,200 kg or more per hectare of clean dry coffee beans.

An information about Liberica Coffee

http://www.eazydee1.webatu.com/coffee/liberica.html

The scientific name of Liberica is Coffea liberica; a species of coffee home-grown from Liberia, West Africa. Its grown height is about 9 meters and produces cherries that are larger than the cherries of Arabica trees. The Liberica was brought to Indonesia to replace the Arabica killed by the coffee rust disease at the end of the 19th century.

The Liberica is locally known in the Philippines as "Kapeng Barako". It is a major crop in the Philippines. Batangas and Cavite of the Philippines are the producers of Liberica coffee. According to Philippine agriculturists, this variety is tolerant to drought and can grow to wider soil types. It started bearing four to five years after transplanting and yield approximately 500 kilogram of dry coffee beans per hectare.

Liberica's almond-shaped beans have an exceptional aroma, almost floral and fruity, while its flavor is full and slightly smokey. Liberica coffee probably makes up less than 1% of the global crop of coffee, with the majority being Arabica and Robusta varieties. The local barako in the Philippines is strong and highly acidic compared to some of the more common globally marketed varieties. The coffee drinkers almost feel the caffeine coursing through their veins when they take a sip early in the morning. This variety of coffee is ideal when blended with most other coffee varieties. The most popular bean it is blended with is the Robusta coffee. These two coffee beans complement each other perfectly. When not used with Robusta, it is commonly chosen as a neutral blending flavor to pull together many gourmet coffees.

An information about Excelsa Coffee

http://www.eazydee1.webatu.com/coffee/excelsa.html

The scientific name of Excelsa Coffee is Coffea excelsa, a species of coffee that originated in the Lake Chad area of Africa. The coffee tree grows up to 9 metres in height.It is closely related to Coffea liberica. The Excelsa coffee bean was first discovered in 1904. This hardy plant is well known for its disease and drought resistant properties. The Excelsa coffee is similar to Liberica coffee in appearance. The plant has thin, rounded leaves with a smooth edge. When these leaves first form, they are a burnt reddish violet color. They turn to a green color as they mature, though some leaves still have violet accents. It produces white flowers with four to five leaves per flower. The cherries it produces are oval shaped but slightly flattened. The medium sized coffee beans are formed in clusters.

Like most other coffee varieties, Excelsa coffee thrives in warm to hot climates. Because of the drought resistant properties, this plant can thrive in desert conditions, as well as a tropic environment. This plant has deep roots. As such, it isn’t a good candidate for greenhouse growing. Root depth severely limits the areas in which this plant can successfully be grown.

This mild flavored coffee is often likened to Coffea Liberica. It has a smooth, slightly earthy without having any hint of a burnt flavor. This is a good coffee for people who don’t drink the beverage very often and those who dislike coffee with a bold, strong flavor. Coffee beans Excelsa is often used a filler bean for many coffee blends. Coffea Arabica is one of the most popular coffees that is blended with Coffea Excelsa.

Note: The above pictures are not in particular kinds of coffee.

Bulldog

About This Dog

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A Bulldog is the common name for a breed of dog also referred to as the English Bulldog or British Bulldog. It is breed of dog developed centuries ago in Great Britain for use in fighting bulls (bullbaiting). Other bulldog breeds include the American Bulldog and the French Bulldog. The Bulldog is a muscular heavy dog with a wrinkled face and a distinctive pushed-in nose.

The bulldog stands 13 to 15 inches (33 to 38 cm) and weighs 40 to 50 pounds (18 to 23 kg). It has a large head, folded ears, a short muzzle, a protruding lower jaw, and loose skin that forms wrinkles on the head and face. Its short, fine coat is tan, white, reddish brown, brindle, or piebald. These kinds of breed are friendly and gregarious, they are also known for getting along well with children.

Health

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These dogs were mostly prone to hip dysplasia, among the 467 Bulldogs tested 73.9% of them were affected, tested by Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. Another is Patellar luxation which affects 6.2% of Bulldogs. Some of this breed are prone to interdigital cysts, which are cysts that form between the toes. These cause the dog some discomfort, but are treatable either by a veterinarian or an experienced owner. Other problems of these dog is having a cherry eye, a protrusion of the inner eyelid (which can be corrected by a veterinarian), hip problems and certain allergy. Usually, puppies are frequently delivered Caesarean Section, because of the large size of its head. The folds on the face of a Bulldog should be cleaned daily to prevent from infections caused by moisture. Daily exercise is required in order to avoid obesity which can lead to lung problems as well as joint problems. Bulldogs like cool places, because they are sensitive to heat, proper ventilation is needed to keep them healthy and secure.

History

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The term "bulldog" was first mentioned in literature around 1500, the oldest spelling of the word being Bondogge and Bolddogge. The modern spelling is dated 1631 or 1632 in a letter by a man named Preswick Eaton where he writes: "procuer mee two good Bulldoggs, and let them be sent by ye first shipp". The name “bull” was also based in the use of the dog, they were used in bull baiting. In 1835 dog fighting as a sport became illegal in England. Therefore, the Old English Bulldog had outlived his usefulness in England and his days were numbered in England. It also said that Bulldogs were crossed between Mastiff and the pug, but still the genetic origin is debated.

Bullbaiting

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Bullbaiting is once a barbarous but widely popular sport. A bull was tethered to a stake and attacked by specially trained bulldogs. This sport is also related to bearbaiting, cockfighting, and bullrunning which was outlawed in Britain in 1835.

In England many large groups of bears were kept expressly for the purpose. Contemporary records reveal, for example, that 13 bears were provided for an entertainment attended by Queen Elizabeth I in 1575. When a bull was baited, its nose was often blown full of pepper to further arouse it. Specially trained dogs were loosed singly, each attempting to seize the tethered animal's nose. Often a hole in the ground was provided for the bull to protect its snout. A successful dog was said to have pinned the bull. Variations on these activities included whipping a blinded bear and baiting a pony with an ape tied to its back. Dogfighting and cockfighting were often provided as companion diversions. A sport called bull running also developed in some places, usually as an annual affair. The townspeople, armed with clubs, chased to death.

Bearbaiting

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Bearbaiting is closely related to Bullbaiting in which bulldogs are most often included in this form of bloody sport, once common in Europe, including England. The bear was tethered to a stake in a bear pit or sunken “bear garden”. Dogs were set on the animal and a fight ensued until the bear was killed. Very often some or all of the dogs were killed instead, and the bear was saved for another occasion. The sport was particularly popular in England in the 16th century at all levels of society including the monarchy, and the Master of Bears was a Crown appointment. Tudor nobles kept “bear wards” where they had groups, or sleuths, of bears. There was a particularly famous bear garden at Southwark, London near Shakespeare's Globe Theatre. Town councils had official bears, and a really fine one was a matter of civic pride. In 1835, Bearbaiting was banned in Great Britain but persisted illegally and in secret for many years as did cockfighting, which still takes place in many countries.

Banana

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Banana is the common name for herbaceous of the genus Musa, an edible fruit that is yellow when ripe. It was the 4th largest crop of the world, it needs 10 - 15 months to produce a flower stalk. Banana is usually refers to "dessert".

Banana fruit is easy to cultivate, can grow up to 15 meters but most plants vary from 3 to 9 meters. It has a very large leaves as big as 4 x 1 meters.

One of the most well known and eaten fruit in Southeast Asian countries. Usually picked unripe and has to ripen, some doctors advice to eat banana at least once a day. It is a good source of fiber, potassium and vitamin C.

Six different common and popular types of Banana

•Red Bananas
•Baby/nino banana
•Burrro Banana
•Plantain Banana
•Cavendish Banana

Banana dishes

•Banana chip
•Banana pudding
•Banana cake
•Banana pie
•Bananacue
•Banana turon

Cavendish Banana

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Cavendish banana is one of the most widely-grown banana platation in Asia. Cavendish banana is actually a fascinating glimpse into the world of commercial banana cultivation. It is originated in Southeast Asia. Cavendish banana is usually found on the shelves of fruit stand and supermarket. Bulk of cavendish bananas for sell you've seen in these commercial areas, because these bananas are cheaply available in fresh. cavendish banana is susceptible to disease because the plants are clones. All cavendish bananas around the world are genetically identical.

Description

The cavendish banana is green skin when unripe and yellow when ripe. One of the most consumed banana worldwide and it has a size of 15 to 25 cm long with diameter of 39 mm to 46 mm. This variety is usually eaten for baby food and salad but most of the time a dessert.

Nutritional and Medicinal benefits

Cavendish is one source of vitamin A, B, C and E, it has also Calcium, silicium, phosphorous, sulfor, ironand sudium. It is also rich in vitamin B6, folic acid and potassium. Banana is good for the people with health problem like stommach problem, rheumatism, constipation, kidney stone, hepatitis and cholesterol.

Baby banana

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The baby banana is grown in the tropical countries of South America, the Caribbean, Asia, and Africa. When ripe, the skin will be bright yellow and have a cream-colored flesh. Bananas ripen naturally without being refrigerated, however by placing them in a refrigerator, the skin darkens quicker but they are kept from becoming soft and mushy for a longer period of time. Also known as a Finger, a Ladyfinger, a Lady Finger, or a Nino banana.

Red/morado banana

Red banana has a raspberry hint of flavor. It is also a heartier and slightly sweeter than yellow banana. Red banana is a maroon/purple skin to almost black, and flesh of pinkish, or salmon yellow. When ripe, raw red bananas have a flesh that is cream to light pink in color. They are also softer and sweeter than the yellow Cavendish varieties, with a slight raspberry-banana flavor. They are frequently eaten raw whole or chopped and added to desserts and fruit salads but can also be baked, fried and toasted. Red bananas are also commonly sold dried in stores.

Plantain Banana

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Plantains are a member of the banana family. They are a starchy, low in sugar variety that is cooked before serving as it is unsuitable raw. Plantains, "potatoes of the air" or "cooking bananas" are the fruit of the Musa Paradisiaca, a type of banana plant. Plantains grilled over a charcoal fire are popular street food. Plantain bananas—peeled, sliced, and boiled, or cut into rondelles and fried in oil.

Plantains are sometimes referred to as the pasta and potatoes of the Caribbean. Sold in the fresh fruit section in supermarket and fruit stand vendor,plantain banana is usually resemble green bananas but ripe plantains may be black in color. This vegetable-banana can be eaten and tastes different at every stage of development. The interior color of the fruit will remain creamy, yellowish or lightly pink. When the peel is green to yellow, the flavor of the flesh is bland and its texture is starchy.

Usages of plantain banana

Plantain is used for cooking, baking or fried. Some countries used plantain banana for snacks. Plantain is longer than bananas and it has thicker skins.

Burro Banana

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This banana is used for snacks, in breads, salad and dried banana chips. It is smaller and rectangular shape, chunky but short, it taste of tangy lemon-banana. Burro banana turns a deep yellow and has characteristic of black spots. This variety of banana offers a midly sweet flavor with subtle lemon overtones. Quiker to ripen than common bananas.

Banana fruit is easy to cultivate, can grow up to 15 meters but most plants vary from 3 to 9 meters, it has a very large leaves as big as 4 x 1 meters.

The picture above is a kind of banana that is popularly known in the Philippines as "Saba". Saba is good to eat raw when ripen because it is high in potassium, but it is very good when boiled. When not ripen, it can be made as chips or pinasugbo. Pinasugbo is a thinly sliced not ripen saba fried in cooking oil with melted mascuvado (not refined sugar).

Avocado

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Avocado is a fruit bearing tree, some places its called pear, it is grown from seed in subtropical and tropical climates. Avocado has a various names, in the past it was called as alligator pear, midshipman's, vegetable butter or butter pear becuase of shape and green color. Avocado tree is a large tree. It grow up to 60 feet high, dark green leaves with 4 to 6 inches long and 2-3 inches wide. Avocado is a very nutritious fruits it contains vitamins A, B and E a highest energy value of all fruits.

Avocados must reach full maturity before they are picked, however, they do not soften on the tree. The tree can actually be used as a storage unit by keeping the fruit on the tree for many months after maturing. It can be harvested in a hard green but mature condition, cannot eat until it was ripen.

Recipies from Avocado are: Avocado Salsa, Citrus salad with Avocado, Avocado and fruit salad Topping, and California Avocado Fruit salad.

History of Avocado

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At the time of the Spanish conquest, avocados were grown from northern Mexico south through Central America into north-western South America and south in the Andean region as far as Peru.The Spanish conquistadors also discovered a unique use for the avocado seed. The seed yields a milky liquid that becomes red when exposed to air. The Spaniards found they could use this reddish brown or even blackish indelible liquid as ink to be used on documents. Some of these documents are still in existence today.

Avocados got their name from the Spanish explorers. They couldn't pronounce the Aztec word for the fruit, know as ahuacatl, "testicle," because of its shape,avocados were planted by various people who introduced and planted seed from Mexico and Guatemala. In the early 1890's, Juan Murrieta of Los Angeles became interested in the avocado and imported a large amount of thick-skinned fruit from Atlixco, Mexico. He distributed some of the seeds of these fruits among his friends and planted the others. From this group of seedling trees, came a number of the varieties that first attracted attention as promising commercial fruits.

How to cultivate Avocado

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The avocado tree does not tolerate freezing temperatures, and can be grown only in subtropical or tropical climates. It is crucial to cultivate most avocado species in climates without frost and little wind. Otherwise, the fruits will drop sporadically from the tree. The tree also need well-aerated soils, these soil and climate condition are available only in few areas of the world, fruits grwon outside califoria is larger and rounded, with a smooth, medium-green skin. Commercial orchards use grafted trees and rootstocks to expedite and increase production.

Avocado can be propagated, but seeds takes four (4) to six(6) months to bear fruits, some commercial orchards are planted using grafted trees and rootstocks, avocado tree can produce 1,200 fruits annually, and can be grown only in subtropical or tropical climate. The fruit is picked once it reaches maturity. In some cases, avocado can be left on the tree for several months, which is advantage to commercial growers who seek the greatest return of their crop.

Mexico is the largest producer of the Hass variety, with over one million metric tons produced annually. Avocado is a fruit bearing tree, it is grown from seed in subtropical and tropical climates. Avocado has a various names, in the past it was called as alligator pear, midshipman's, vegetable butter or butter pear becuase of shape and green color. Avocado tree is a large tree. It grow up to 60 feet high, dark green leaves with 4 to 6 inches long and 2 -3 inches wide.

Variety of Avocado

Avocado fruit has many varieties, from pear shape to oval shape and round shape, from black to green, but most popular is the rough-skinned, almost black hass and the smooth thin-skinned green fuerte, has a smaller pit and more buttery texture than fuerte.

List of varieties

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•Bacon - Green skinned variety of good quality, oval shape, medium size with smooth thin green skin and yellow green flesh in appearance.

•Fuerte - The most favorite and original high quality california avocado, pear shape and medium in size with smooth thin green appearance.

•Gwen - Is the Hass-like green variety, with similar taste,texture and appearance it has an oval shape.

•Hass - Is the year-round variety has a distinctive skin that turns from purplish-black when ripr, an oval shape with pebbly, thick but pliable skin, grenn flesh with creamy texture.

•Lamb Hass - Summer sun variety with exceptional flavor and large size, pebbly,thick pliable skin and green fleshcreamy texture.

•Pinkerton - Premium winter variety, it has a small seeds with a yield of more fruit per tree,a long,pear shape fruit with large size, medium thick green skin with slight pebbling creamy of green flesh.

•Reed - Summertime variety, large and round fruit, available in summer month, thick green skin, slight pebbling, creamy flesh.

•Zutano - Season opener, easily recognized in shiny, yellow-green skin,one of the first varieties harvested in september and is available through early winter, a par shape with large size.

Benefits from Avocado fruit

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Avocado is considered the most complete food, it is rich in potasium and vitamin A. It is also used traditionaly to heal skin problem and the pulp is also believed to be both anti-bacterial and anti-fungal. An antioxidant and can be used for skin disorders. It is also served as healing to the people suffering from digestive and circulatory problems. Other use of avocado is to help sexual problem.

Avocado includes necessary mineral like potassium, calcium, vitamin C & K, folic acid, copper, sodium and dietary fibers.

FOlic acid from avocado used to lower cholesterol level in the blood, it has a potassium to regulates blood pressure and sodium to reduce the risk of high blood pressure and stroke.

Bamboo

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Bamboo is a group of perennial evergreens in the true grass family Poaceae, subfamily Bambusoideae, tribe Bambuseae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. More than 75 genera and 1,000 species of bamboos have been proposed in botanical literature, but many names are synonymous and thus not considered legitimate. Bamboos are giant, fast-growing grasses that have woody stems. They are distributed in tropical and subtropical to mild temperate regions, with the heaviest concentration and largest number of species in East and Southeast Asia and on islands of the Indian and Pacific oceans. A few species of bamboo belonging to the genus Arundinaria are native to the southern United States, where they form dense canebrakes along riverbanks and in marshy areas.

Bamboo Culms

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The woody, hollow aerial stems or culms of bamboo grow in branching clusters from a thick underground stem (rhizome). The culms often form a dense undergrowth that excludes other plants. Bamboo culms can attain heights ranging from 10 to 15 cm (about 4 to 6 inches) in the smallest species to more than 40 m (about 130 feet) in the largest. Mature bamboos sprout horizontal branches that bear sword-shaped leaves on stalked blades; the leaves on young culms arise directly from the stem. The culms of some species grow quickly (as much as 1 foot [0.3 m] per day).

Ornamental Bamboo

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Bamboo plants are becoming increasingly popular in landscaping, due to their vigorous growth potential and appealing aesthetic. There are multiple purposes of bamboos. Bamboos are highly colored, eye catching kinds and one purpose is appreciated as ornamental plantings. The stripped of their lower branches, the yellow or green culms and grooves sometimes stripe green or yellow depending on the varieties make an impressive visibility that bamboos are ideal in any landscape. Ornamental bamboos are for ground covers used in small clumps, for erosion control, for borders and in rock gardens.

There are many varieties of bamboo suited as ornamental purposes and landscaping. They are: Castillon, Allgold, Leopard Bamboo, Black Bamboo, Temple Bamboo, among others.

Colors of Bamboo (Stems)

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Bamboos with yellow canes are usually yellow throughout their lifespan but can occasionally start off green. Black species usually start with green canes which then turn black, but in established and older plants the young canes will often be black from the start. Other coloured bamboos, such as red, blue, or white, also can change throughout their lifespan. Sometimes the colours are spectacular and vibrant, usually in the young fresh canes, and other times they can change colour as they get older. Striped canes - some species have striped canes on young and new growth that then turns to green, others retain the stripes (striations) throughout the lifespan of the plant.

Purposes of Bamboo

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Bamboos are of notable economic and cultural significance in East Asia and South East Asia where the stems are used extensively in everyday life as building materials and as a highly versatile raw product, and the shoots as a food source. Its bamboo shoots are edible and eaten as vegetables by people in the Philippines. Bamboo shoots are part of the Chinese cuisines. The bamboo stems when become old, like more than two years can be made as walls for houses. They are also used as alternative pole guards to scaffoldings on building constructions.

The pulped fibres of several bamboo species, especially Dendrocalamus strictus and Bambusa arundinacea, are used to make fine-quality paper. The stems are also split up to make buckets and pipes or are used to make furniture, walking sticks, fishing poles, garden stakes, and other utensils. Some species of bamboo are used as ornamentals in landscape gardens. The fine-grained silica produced in the joints of bamboo stems has been used as a medicine in the Orient for centuries under the name tabasheer. East Asian artists, poets, and epicures have long celebrated the beauty and utility of bamboo in paintings and verse.

I want to buy a new, cheap but good Tablet

I want to buy a Tablet.

Nowadays, mobile internet, mobile videos, etc. is very popular. And Tablet is one the most convenient gadget to use to access thousands of downloadable apps online. My budget is tight and I want it cheap. Cheap but not as cheap but also has good quality and features that can be compared to high-end brands.

I am searching on the internet to browse from the sites the most affordable but good tablets, and hereunder are one of them:

> Ctroniq C73

*Ctroniq C73 Tablet(7 Inches, Android 4.1, 4 GB, Wifi) *Screen: 7.0 inch Aspect Ratio 16:9 Resolution: 800*480 *CPU: Chipset: BOXCHIP A13 Processor: ARM Cortex A8 Frequency: 1.2 G Hz *RAM: DDRIII 512 MB Storage: Built-in Flash Memory. 4GB External: Micro SD card extendable from 512MB to 32 GB *System: Android 4.1 Jelly Bean Language: Support Multi-Languages Online Video: Support Adobe Flash 11.0 *Network Wifi: Built-in Wifi Module_802.11 a/b/g/n Network application: Opera,UCWeb,SkyFile,Dolphin and other IE *support online TV/movie/music/radio support 3D game by 3D engine 20000 software download from google market MSN, Skype, Gmail, email, other Application *Built-in Mali-400 MP GPU(OpenGL ES 2.0 multi-core GPU, 2D/3D engine, calender, Alarm Clock, Calculator, Recorder Camera: Front Camera: 0.3 Mega G-Sensor: NA V-Sensor: NA *Office Software: WORD, EXCEL, POWERPOINT, PDF, TXT, etc. Games: APK format Games Video: Support 2160P( 3840 X2160p)Video: AVI, RM, RMVB, MP4, MKV, WMV, MOV, DAT, VOB, PMP, MPEG, MPG, FLV, ASF, TS, TP, 3GP, etc. *Audio: Support MP3,WMA,MP2,OGG,AAC,M4A,FLAC,APE,WAV , etc voice record: MP3/WMA format Photo: Support JPG BMP PNG GIF and other format, rotate/auto playback E-book: Support TXT, LRC, PDF, HTML, HTM, EPUB, etc *OTG: Support HDD, flash storage, camera/printer/mouse/keyboard USB host: Host 2.0 support HDD, flash storage, and external 3G , external RJ45 Power management: Built-in DVFS &Smart PMU power management system 1800 mAh 3.7V, idle time: 20 days, music : 35 hours, internet: 6 hours, video play: 6 hours, game: 6 hours *Dimension: 196.3*120.8*10.3mm Net Weight: 0.310 KG *I/O Ports: MINI USB2.0 , MicroSD card slot, earphone jack, and Charging port(DC-IN port)

> Ctroniq C76

*Dimension: 196.3*120.8*10.3mm Net Weight: 0.310 KG I/O Ports: MINI USB2.0 , MicroSD card slot, earphone jack, and Charging port (DC-IN port) Standard Accessories: USB cable, OTG cable, charger, user manual, and gift box. Screen 7.0 inch. Aspect Ratio 4:3. Resolution: 800*480. Support Dual-screen display *CPU Chipset: BOXCHIP A13 Processor: ARM Cortex A8 Frequency: 1 G Hz RAM DDRIII 512 MB Storage Built-in Flash Memory. 8GB External Micro SD card extendable from 512MB to 32 GB. *System Android 4.0. Language support Multi-Languages,such as chinese/english/ spanish/portuagese/germany/french/arabic/ russia/italian etc. Online Video Support Adobe Flash 11.0 *Network application Opera,UCWeb,SkyFile,Dolphin and other IE support online TV/movie/music/radio support 3D game by 3D engine 20000 software download from google market MSN, Skype, Gmail, email, other Application *Built-in Mali-400 MP GPU(OpenGL ES 2.0 multi-core GPU, 2D/3D engine calender, Alarm Clock, Calculator, Recorder Camera Front Camera: 2MP, Rear Camera: 2MP G-Sensor All gravity induction V-Sensor *Office Software WORD, EXCEL, POWERPOINT, PDF, TXT, etc. Games APK format Games. Video Support 2160P( 3840 X2160p)Video: AVI, RM, RMVB, MP4, MKV, WMV, MOV, DAT, VOB, PMP, MPEG, MPG, FLV, ASF, TS, TP, 3GP, etc. Audio Support MP3,WMA,MP2,OGG,AAC,M4A,FLAC,APE,WAV , etc. voice record: MP3/WMA format *Photo Support JPG、BMP、PNG、GIF and other format, rotate/auto playback E-book Support TXT, LRC, PDF, HTML, HTM, EPUB, etc. OTG Support HDD, flash storage, camera/printer/mouse/keyboard USB host Host 2.0 support HDD, flash storage, and external 3G , external RJ45 Power 2100 mAh 3.7V

> Xtouch X718

*Operating System Android 4.0.4 CPU A13 ARM Cortex-A8 FRQ 1200MHZ GPU Mali-400 Memory 512MB DDR3 Storage 4GB NAND Flash External Storage Support 32GB Micro TF Card *Display Screen Size 7inch Resolution 800×480 Touch Screen 5 points Capacitive Touch Screen Language Arabic, English, Chinese,French,23 languages,etc. * Recharge Type Adapter or USB Cable Battery Type Rechargeable Lithium Battery Capacity 3000mah lithium battery *Network WiFi 802.11b/g wireless internet 3G Support USB 3G Modem Bluetooth N/A External RJ45 Support *I/O Audio 3.5 mm standard OMTP USB Micro USB Charger Type 110V-220V Input,5V,DC 2A Output Camera front camera 0.3 Megapixel Mic & speaker Inside *Function Video AVI, MKV(XVID/px/H.264), MOV, TS, M2TS, RM/RMVB, FLV,3GP, MPEG, DAT, MP4(support to 1080P:1920x1080) Audio 3.5 mm OMTP MP3,OGG,AAC,etc,LRC lyrics sychronizing,Photo Album,Stereo speaker Business Support WORD, EXCEL, POWERPOINT, PDF, TXT office software,Arabic keyboard,skype,QQ, MSN,SKYPE,G-talk,fring,yahoo,gmail,hotmail GPS N/A Sensors Accelerometer *Dimensions 195*120*8 mm Weight 300 g

> Xtouch X714

*Operating System Android 4.0 CPU A13 ARM Cortex-A8 FRQ 1200MHZ GPU Mali-400 Memory 512MB DDR3 Storage 8GB NAND Flash External Storage Support 32GB Micro TF Card *Display Screen Size 7inch Resolution 800×480 Touch Screen 5 points Capacitive Touch Screen Language Arabic, English, Chinese,French,23 languages,etc. * Recharge Type Adapter or USB Cable Battery Type Rechargeable Lithium Battery Capacity 3000mah lithium battery *Network WiFi 802.11b/g wireless internet 3G Support USB 3G Modem Bluetooth N/A External RJ45 Support *I/O Audio 3.5 mm standard OMTP USB Mini USB Charger Type 110V-220V Input,5V,DC 2A Output Camera Front camera 0.3 Megapixel Mic & speaker Inside *Function Video AVI, MKV(XVID/px/H.264), MOV, TS, M2TS, RM/RMVB, FLV,3GP, MPEG, DAT, MP4(support to 1080P:1920x1080) Audio 3.5 mm OMTP MP3,OGG,AAC,etc,LRC lyrics sychronizing,Photo Album,Stereo speaker Business Support WORD, EXCEL, POWERPOINT, PDF, TXT office software,Arabic keyboard,skype,QQ, MSN,SKYPE,G-talk,fring,yahoo,gmail,hotmail GPS N/A Sensors Accelerometer *Dimensions 194*120*11 mm Weight 340g